What does the Bible say about separation of church and state?

Bible Topic · WEB

The Bible teaches that civil government is ordained by God for public order, while Christ’s kingdom is spiritual and must not be confused with earthly political power. Jesus says to render to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God (Mark 12:17), and declares that his kingdom is not of this world (John 18:36). Christians therefore should honor lawful authorities, pray for peace, and do good as responsible citizens (Romans 13:1-7; 1 Peter 2:13-17). Yet when rulers command what God forbids or forbid what God commands, believers must obey God rather than men (Acts 5:29). The church’s chief calling is worship, gospel ministry, discipleship, and faithful witness, not coercive rule.